Amdocal 5

Indications

Amlodipine is a calcium channel blocker that can be used alone or in combination with other antihypertensive and antianginal drugs for the treatment of hypertension and coronary artery diseases (such as chronic stable angina, vasospasm angina pectoris) and confirmed coronary angiography arterial disease in patients without heart disease) failure or ejection fraction <40%)

 

Pharmacology

Amlodipine is a long-acting calcium channel blocker that inhibits the flow of calcium ions across the membrane to vascular smooth muscle  and myocardium. Thus, it leads to a decrease in peripheral vascular resistance and contraction processes in the myocardium and lowers blood pressure. 

The mechanism of the antihypertensive effect is due to the direct relaxation effect on vascular smooth muscle. The exact mechanism of amlodipine to relieve angina pectoris has not been fully determined, but amlodipine reduces the total ischemic load through the following two effects:

Amlodipine dilates the peripheral arterioles, thus reducing the total peripheral resistance (load after). Since the heart rate remains stable, this discharge from the heart reduces the myocardial energy consumption and oxygen demand.

The mechanism of action of amlodipine may also involve expansion of the main coronary arteries and of the coronary arteries in normal and ischemic areas. This dilation increases the myocardial oxygen supply in patients with coronary artery spasm (prinzmetals or variant angina).

 

Dosage & Administration

Adults: The starting dose is 5 mg once a day, and the maximum dose is 10 mg once a day. 
 

Pediatrics: The starting dose is 2.5 mg to 5 mg once a day. 
 

Frail and elderly patients or patients with impaired liver function: The starting dose is 2.5 mg once a day.

 

Interaction

Amlodipine and thiazide diuretics, alpha-blockers, beta-blockers, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors, long-acting nitrates, sublingual nitroglycerin, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, antibiotics, and oral hypoglycemic agents are safely administered together. Amlodipine has no effect on the protein binding of digoxin, phenytoin, warfarin, or indomethacin. It is not recommended to administer amlodipine together with grapefruit or grapefruit juice, because the bioavailability in some patients may increase, resulting in an increased effect of in lowering blood pressure.

 

Contraindications

Patients known to be sensitive to amlodipine are contraindicated.

 

Side Effects

The most common side effects are headaches and edema that occur in a dose-related manner. Other side effects that are not dose related but have a reported incidence of> 1.0% are headache, fatigue, nausea, abdominal pain, and drowsiness.

 

Pregnancy & Lactation

There is no research for adequate and sufficient exposure of amrodipine in pregnant women. AM Lodipine should only be used during pregnancy only if the potential benefits are justifying the potential risks for the fetus. It is not known if AM Lodipin was or not. If this information is not available, it is recommended that the nursing be canceled while the amlodipine is.

 

Precautions & Warnings

Symptomatic hypotension is possible, especially in patients with severe aortic stenosis. However, due to the gradual onset of the effects of , acute hypotension is unlikely to occur. After starting or increasing the dose of amlodipine , worsening angina pectoris and acute myocardial infarction may occur, especially in patients with severe obstructive coronary artery disease. Slow titration of calcium channel blocker in patients with severe hepatic impairment.

 

Therapeutic Class

Calcium-channel blockers

 

Storage Conditions

Store in a dry place, away from light and heat. Keep out of the reach of children.

 

Pharmaceutical Name

Beximco Pharma Ltd

 

Generic

Amlodipine 

 

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